Nō nā tata nei, i whakaurua mai e te Institute of Applied Physics o te Russian Academy of Sciences te eXawatt Center for Extreme Light Study (XCELS), he kaupapa rangahau mō ngā taputapu pūtaiao nui e hangai ana ki ngā mea tino nui.ngā taiaho mana teiteiKei roto i te kaupapa te hanganga o tētahi tinotaiaho mana teiteii runga i te hangarau whakanui i te pāorooro whatu i roto i ngā tioata pāhare pākawa dideuterium phosphate (DKDP, te tātai matū KD2PO4) he kōhao nui, me te putanga katoa e tumanakohia ana he 600 PW ngā pāorooro mana tihi. Ka whakaratohia e tēnei mahi ngā taipitopito nui me ngā kitenga rangahau mō te kaupapa XCELS me āna pūnaha taiaho, e whakaahua ana i ngā tono me ngā pānga pea e pā ana ki ngā taunekeneke mara mārama tino kaha.
I whakaarohia te kaupapa XCELS i te tau 2011 me te whāinga tuatahi kia eke ki te mana tino teiteirēserite putanga pātere o te 200 PW, kua whakahoutia ki te 600 PW i tēnei wā. Ko tānapūnaha taiahoe whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā hangarau matua e toru:
(1) Ka whakamahia te hangarau Optical Parametric Chirped Pulse Amplification (OPCPA) hei whakakapi mō te hangarau tuku iho o te Chirped Pulse Amplification (Chirped Pulse Amplification, OPCPA). CPA);
(2) Mā te whakamahi i te DKDP hei reo whakanui, ka tutuki te whakataurite i te āhua o te whānuitanga ultra-whanui tata ki te 910 nm te roanga ngaru;
(3) Ka whakamahia he taiaho karāhe neodymium nui te kōhao me te kaha pāoro o ngā mano joule hei papu i te whakakaha tawhā.
He whānui te kitea o te whakataurite ā-wāhanga ultra-wideband i roto i te maha o ngā tioata, ā, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā taiaho femtosecond OPCPA. E whakamahia ana ngā tioata DKDP nā te mea koinei anake te rauemi e kitea ana i roto i te mahi ka taea te whakatipu ki ngā tekau henimita o te whakatuwheratanga, ā, i te wa ano he kounga whatu e whakaaetia ana hei tautoko i te whakanui ake i te mana maha-PW.ngā taiaho. Kua kitea ina pupuhihia te tioata DKDP e te mārama auau takirua o te taiaho karāhe ND, mena ko te roangaru kawe o te pāorooro kua whakanuia he 910 nm, ko ngā kupu tuatahi e toru o te whānui Taylor o te kore taurite o te ira ngaru he 0.
Ko te Pikitia 1 he whakatakotoranga kauwhata o te pūnaha taiaho XCELS. I whakaputahia e te pito o mua ngā pāoro femtosecond chirped me te roangaru pokapū o te 910 nm (1.3 i te Pikitia 1) me ngā pāoro nanosecond 1054 nm i werohia ki roto i te taiaho OPCPA i pamuhia (1.1 me te 1.2 i te Pikitia 1). Ka whakarite hoki te pito o mua i te tukutahitanga o ēnei pāoro me te kaha e hiahiatia ana me ngā tawhā ā-wāhi me te wā. Ka whakanuia e te OPCPA waenga e mahi ana i te tere whakahoki teitei ake (1 Hz) te pāoro chirped ki ngā tekau joule (2 i te Pikitia 1). Ka whakanuia anō te pāoro e te Booster OPCPA ki roto i te hihi kilojoule kotahi, ā, ka wehea kia 12 ngā hihi iti ōrite (4 i te Pikitia 1). I roto i te 12 OPCPA whakamutunga, ka whakanuia ia o ngā pāoro mārama chirped 12 ki te taumata kilojoule (5 i te Pikitia 1) kātahi ka pēhia e te 12 ngā whatanga pēhi (GC o te 6 i te Pikitia 1). Ka whakamahia te tātari marara hōtaka acousto-whatu i te pito o mua hei whakahaere tika i te marara tere rōpū me te marara ota teitei, kia whiwhi ai i te whānui pāoro iti rawa. He āhua tata ki te 12-raupapa supergauss te āhua o te whānuitanga pāoro, ā, ko te whānui whānui pāoro i te 1% o te uara mōrahi he 150 nm, e rite ana ki te whānui pāoro rohe whakawhiti Fourier o te 17 fs. Ina whakaarohia te utu marara kāore i oti me te uauatanga o te utu ā-wāhanga kore-raina i roto i ngā whakakaha tawhā, ko te whānui pāoro e tumanakohia ana he 20 fs.
Ka whakamahia e te taiaho XCELS ngā kōwae whakarea auau taiaho karāhe neodymium UFL-2M e rua, e 8-hongere (3 i te Pikitia 1), ā, ka whakamahia ngā hongere 13 hei papu i te Booster OPCPA me ngā OPCPA whakamutunga e 12. Ka whakamahia ngā hongere e toru e toe ana hei nanohekona motuhake kua pāngia ki te kilojoule.ngā pūtake taiahomō ētahi atu whakamātautau. I te mea e whakawhāitihia ana e te paepae pakaru whatu o ngā tioata DKDP, ka whakatakotoria te kaha o te hihi o te pāorooro kua papua ki te 1.5 GW/cm2 mō ia hongere, ā, ko te roanga he 3.5 ns.
Ka whakaputahia e ia hongere o te taiaho XCELS he pāorooro me te mana o te 50 PW. E 12 katoa ngā hongere e whakarato ana i te mana putanga katoa o te 600 PW. I roto i te rūma ūnga matua, ko te kaha arotahi mōrahi o ia hongere i raro i ngā āhuatanga pai ko te 0.44×1025 W/cm2, me te whakaaro ka whakamahia ngā huānga arotahi F/1 mō te arotahi. Mēnā ka pēhia anō te pāorooro o ia hongere ki te 2.6 fs mā te tikanga pēhi-muri, ka whakanuia te mana pāorooro putanga e rite ana ki te 230 PW, e rite ana ki te kaha mārama o te 2.0×1025 W/cm2.
Hei whakatutuki i te kaha o te mārama, i te putanga 600 PW, ka arotahihia ngā pā o te mārama i roto i ngā hongere 12 ki te āhua o te irahiko dipole whakamuri, e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 2. Ina kore te wāhanga pā o ia hongere e raka, ka taea e te kaha o te arotahi te eke ki te 9×1025 W/cm2. Mena ka rakahia ia wāhanga pā, ā, ka tukutahitia, ka whakanuia te kaha o te mārama hua ōrite ki te 3.2×1026 W/cm2. Haunga te rūma matua e whaia ana, kei roto i te kaupapa XCELS tae atu ki te 10 ngā taiwhanga kaiwhakamahi, ia ia e whiwhi ana i tētahi, neke atu rānei ngā hihi mō ngā whakamātautau. Mā te whakamahi i tēnei mara mārama tino kaha, kei te whakamahere te kaupapa XCELS ki te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau i roto i ngā wāhanga e whā: ngā tukanga hikohiko irahiko i roto i ngā mara taiaho kaha; Te whakaputa me te whakateretere i ngā matūriki; Te whakaputa i te irahiko hikohiko tuarua; Te ahupūngao whetū taiwhanga, ngā tukanga kiato pūngao teitei me te rangahau tātaritanga.
PIK. 2 Te āhua arotahi i roto i te rūma matua o te whāinga. Hei mārama, kua whakatakotoria te whakaata parabolic o te hihi 6 ki te mārama, ā, e rua noa ngā hongere 1 me te 7 e whakaatuhia ana e ngā hihi tāuru me te tāuru.
E whakaatu ana te Pikitia 3 i te whakatakotoranga ā-wāhi o ia wāhi mahi o te pūnaha taiaho XCELS i roto i te whare whakamātautau. Kei te rūma raro te hiko, ngā papu korehau, te maimoatanga wai, te purenga me te hauhautanga. Neke atu i te 24,000 m2 te rahi o te wāhi hanga katoa. Tata ki te 7.5 MW te whakamahinga hiko katoa. Kei roto i te whare whakamātautau he anga whānui ā-roto me tētahi wāhanga o waho, ia mea i hangaia i runga i ngā turanga wehe rua. Kua tāutahia ngā pūnaha korehau me ētahi atu pūnaha whakaoho wiri ki runga i te turanga wehe wiri, kia iti iho i te 10-10 g2/Hz te kaha o te raruraru e tukuna ana ki te pūnaha taiaho mā te turanga me te tautoko i te awhe auau o te 1-200 Hz. Hei tāpiri, kua whakatūria he whatunga tohu tohutoro geodesic ki roto i te whare taiaho hei aroturuki pūnaha i te nekehanga o te whenua me ngā taputapu.
Ko te whāinga o te kaupapa XCELS he waihanga i tētahi whare rangahau pūtaiao nui e hangai ana ki ngā reiti hiko tino teitei. Ka taea e tētahi hongere o te pūnaha reiti XCELS te whakarato i te kaha mārama arotahi kia maha ngā wā teitei ake i te 1024 W/cm2, ka taea te hipa atu i te 1025 W/cm2 mā te hangarau muri-kōpeketanga. Mā te arotahi-rua i ngā pāorooro mai i ngā hongere 12 i roto i te pūnaha reiti, ka taea te whakatutuki i te kaha e tata ana ki te 1026 W/cm2 ahakoa kāore he muri-kōpeketanga me te raka ā-wāhanga. Mena ka rakahia te tukutahitanga ā-wāhanga i waenga i ngā hongere, ka maha ngā wā teitei ake te kaha mārama. Mā te whakamahi i ēnei kaha pāorooro pakaru rekoata me te tahora hihi maha-hongere, ka taea e te whare XCELS ā muri ake nei te mahi whakamātautau me te kaha tino teitei, ngā tohatoha mara mārama uaua, me te tātaritanga i ngā taunekeneke mā te whakamahi i ngā hihi reiti maha-hongere me te irahiko tuarua. Ka whai wāhi motuhake tēnei i roto i te mara o te ahupūngao whakamātautau mara hiko tino kaha.
Wā tuku: Maehe-26-2024