Ko ngā hononga aronga he wāhanga paerewa mō te ngaru ngaruiti/mirimita i roto i te ine ngaruiti me ētahi atu pūnaha ngaruiti. Ka taea te whakamahi mō te wehe tohu, te wehewehe, me te whakaranu, pērā i te aroturuki hiko, te whakaū mana putanga pūtake, te wehe pūtake tohu, te whakamātautau auau tuku me te whakaata, me ētahi atu. He wehewehe mana ngaruiti aronga, ā, he wāhanga nui i roto i ngā ine whakaata auau-whakaata hou. I te nuinga o te wā, he maha ngā momo, pērā i te arataki ngaru, te raina coaxial, te raina stripline, me te microstrip.
Ko te Pikitia 1 he hoahoa kauwhata o te hanganga. Kei roto i te nuinga o ngā wāhanga e rua, ko te raina matua me te raina āwhina, e honoa ana tetahi ki tetahi mā roto i ngā momo kōhao iti, ngā āputa, me ngā āputa. Nō reira, ko tētahi wāhanga o te tāuru mana mai i te "1" i te pito raina matua ka honoa ki te raina tuarua. Nā te pokanoa, te taupatupatu rānei o ngā ngaru, ka tukuna noa te mana i te raina tuarua - kotahi te ahunga (e kiia ana ko te "whakamua"), ko tētahi atu. Kāore he tuku mana i roto i te kotahi raupapa (e kiia ana ko te "whakamuri").
Ko te Pikitia 2 he hononga whakawhiti-aronga, kua honoa tētahi o ngā tauranga i roto i te hononga ki tētahi kawenga taurite kua hangaia ki roto.
Te Whakamahinga o te Hononga Aronga
1, mō te pūnaha whakahiato mana
Ko te hononga aronga 3dB (e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te piriti 3dB) e whakamahia ana i roto i te pūnaha whakahiato auau maha-kawe, e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia i raro nei. He mea noa tēnei momo ara iahiko i roto i ngā pūnaha tohatoha o roto. I muri i te haere o ngā tohu f1 me te f2 mai i ngā whakakaha hiko e rua mā roto i te hononga aronga 3dB, kei roto i te putanga o ia hongere ngā wāhanga auau e rua f1 me te f2, ā, ka whakaitihia e te 3dB te kaha o ia wāhanga auau. Mena ka honoa tētahi o ngā pito putanga ki tētahi kawenga mimiti, ka taea te whakamahi i tētahi atu putanga hei pūtake hiko o te pūnaha ine whakawhiti-whakawhitinga kore. Mena me whakapai ake te wehenga, ka taea e koe te tāpiri i ētahi wāhanga pēnei i ngā tātari me ngā wehewehe. Ka taea e te wehenga o tētahi piriti 3dB kua hoahoa pai te neke atu i te 33dB.
Ka whakamahia te hononga ahunga ki te pūnaha whakakotahi mana tuatahi.
Ko te rohe awaawa aronga hei tētahi atu whakamahinga o te whakakotahitanga mana e whakaaturia ana i te ahua (a) i raro nei. I roto i tēnei ara iahiko, kua whakamahia marietia te aronga o te hononga aronga. Ki te whakaaro ko ngā nekehanga hononga o ngā hononga e rua he 10dB, ā, ko te aronga he 25dB, ko te wehenga i waenga i ngā pito f1 me f2 he 45dB. Mena ko ngā tāurunga o f1 me f2 he 0dBm, ko te putanga whakakotahi he -10dBm. Ki te whakatauritea ki te hononga Wilkinson i te ahua (b) i raro nei (ko tōna uara wehenga noa he 20dB), ko te tohu tāuru kotahi o OdBm, i muri i te whakahiatotanga, he -3dBm (me te kore e whakaarohia te ngaronga whakaurunga). Ki te whakatauritea ki te āhua i waenga i ngā tauira, ka whakanuia e mātou te tohu tāuru i te ahua (a) mā te 7dB kia rite ai tōna putanga ki te ahua (b). I tēnei wā, ko te wehenga i waenga i te f1 me te f2 i te ahua (a) "ka heke" "he 38 dB. Ko te hua whakatairite whakamutunga ko te tikanga whakahiato mana o te hononga aronga he 18dB teitei ake i te hononga Wilkinson. He pai tēnei kaupapa mō te ine i te whakawhitiwhiti o ngā whakakaha tekau.
Ka whakamahia he hononga aronga i roto i te pūnaha whakakotahitanga mana 2
2, e whakamahia ana mō te ine i te aukati-whakararuraru a te kaiwhiwhi, te ine rūpahu rānei
I roto i te pūnaha whakamātautau me te ine RF, ka kitea pinepine te ara iahiko e whakaaturia ana i te ahua i raro nei. Mehemea ko te DUT (te taputapu, te taputapu rānei kei raro i te whakamātautau) he kaiwhiwhi. Mēnā koinā, ka taea te werohanga i tētahi tohu pokanoa hongere tata ki roto i te kaiwhiwhi mā te pito hononga o te hononga ahunga. Kātahi ka taea e tētahi kaiwhakamātautau whakauru e honoa ana ki a rātou mā te hononga ahunga te whakamātautau i te ātete o te kaiwhiwhi—te mahi pokanoa mano. Mēnā he waea pūkoro te DUT, ka taea te whakakā i te tuku o te waea mā tētahi kaiwhakamātautau whānui e honoa ana ki te pito hononga o te hononga ahunga. Kātahi ka taea te whakamahi i tētahi tātaritanga whānuitanga hei ine i te putanga rūpahu o te waea tirohanga. Ko te tikanga, me tāpiri ētahi ara iahiko tātari i mua i te tātaritanga whānuitanga. Nā te mea ko tēnei tauira anake e kōrero ana mō te tono o ngā hononga ahunga, ka tangohia te ara iahiko tātari.
Ka whakamahia te hononga ahunga mō te ine i te teitei ārai-whakararuraru o te kaiwhiwhi, o te teitei rūpahu rānei o te waea pūkoro.
I tēnei ara iahiko whakamātautau, he mea tino nui te aronga o te hononga ahunga. Ko te tātaritanga whānuitanga e hono ana ki te pito whakawhiti e hiahia ana ki te whiwhi i te tohu mai i te DUT, ā, kāore e hiahia ki te whiwhi i te kupuhipa mai i te pito hononga.
3, mō te tauira tohu me te aroturuki
Ko te ine me te aroturuki ipurangi a te tuku tuku he mea pea tētahi o ngā tono tino whānuitia mō ngā hononga ahunga. Ko te ahua e whai ake nei he tono noa iho o ngā hononga ahunga mō te ine i te teihana turanga pūkoro. Me kī ko te mana putanga o te tuku tuku he 43dBm (20W), ko te hononga o te hononga ahunga. Ko te kaha he 30dB, ko te ngaronga whakaurunga (ngaronga raina me te ngaronga hononga) he 0.15dB. He tohu 13dBm (20mW) kei te pito hononga ka tukuna ki te kaiwhakamātautau teihana turanga, ko te putanga tika o te hononga ahunga he 42.85dBm (19.3W), ā, ko te turuturu he . Ko te mana i te taha wehe ka mimitihia e te kawenga.
Ka whakamahia te hononga ahunga mō te ine i te teihana turanga.
Tata ki ngā kaiwhakawhiti katoa e whakamahi ana i tēnei tikanga mō te whakamātautau me te aroturuki ipurangi, ā, mā tēnei tikanga anake pea ka taea te whakamana i te whakamātautau mahi a te kaiwhakawhiti i raro i ngā āhuatanga mahi noa. Engari me mārama he rite tonu te whakamātautau a te kaiwhakawhiti, ā, he rerekē ngā āwangawanga o ngā kaiwhakamātautau rerekē. Hei tauira, me aro ngā kaiwhakahaere ki ngā tohu i roto i tā rātou roopu auau mahi (2110~2170MHz), pērā i te kounga tohu, te mana i roto i te hongere, te mana hongere tata, me ētahi atu. I raro i tēnei kaupapa, ka tāutahia e ngā kaihanga he hononga ahunga whaiti (pēnei i te 2110~2170MHz) ki te pito putanga o te teihana turanga hei aroturuki i ngā āhuatanga mahi i roto i te roopu o te kaiwhakawhiti, ka tukuna atu ki te pokapū whakahaere i ngā wā katoa.
Mena ko te kaiwhakahaere o te whānuitanga o te auau reo irirangi - te teihana aroturuki reo irirangi hei whakamātautau i ngā tohu teihana turanga ngohengohe, he tino rerekē tana arotahi. E ai ki ngā whakaritenga whakatakotoranga whakahaere reo irirangi, ka whakawhānuihia te whānuitanga auau whakamātautau ki te 9kHz~12.75GHz, ā, he whānui rawa te teihana turanga kua whakamatautauria. E hia te nui o te irahiko rūpahu ka puta i roto i te roopu auau, ka whakararuraru i te mahi auau o ētahi atu teihana turanga? He āwangawanga tēnei mō ngā teihana aroturuki reo irirangi. I tēnei wā, e hiahiatia ana he hononga ahunga me te whānui o te whānui mō te tauira tohu, engari te āhua nei kāore he hononga ahunga ka taea te hipoki i te 9kHz~12.75GHz. E mōhio ana tātou ko te roa o te ringa hononga o te hononga ahunga e pā ana ki tōna auau pokapū. Ka taea e te whānui o te hononga ahunga whānui rawa te whakatutuki i ngā roopu octave 5-6, pērā i te 0.5-18GHz, engari kāore e taea te hipoki i te roopu auau i raro i te 500MHz.
4, ine mana ipurangi
I roto i te hangarau ine mana momo-roto, he taputapu tino nui te hononga aronga. E whakaatu ana te pikitia e whai ake nei i te hoahoa kauwhata o tētahi pūnaha ine mana-teitei tuku-roto noa. Ka tangohia te mana whakamua mai i te whakakaha i raro i te Whakamātautau e te pito hononga whakamua (taumata 3) o te hononga aronga ka tukuna ki te mita mana. Ka tangohia te mana whakaata e te taumata hononga whakamuri (taumata 4) ka tukuna ki te mita mana.
Ka whakamahia te hononga ahunga mō te ine mana teitei.
Kia mōhio mai: Haunga te whiwhi i te mana whakaata mai i te kawenga, ka whiwhi hoki te pūnga hononga whakamuri (pūnga 4) i te mana turuturu mai i te ahunga whakamua (pūnga 1), nā te aronga o te hononga aronga i puta ai. Ko te pūngao whakaata te mea e tumanakohia ana e te kaiwhakamātautau ki te ine, ā, ko te mana turuturu te pūtake matua o ngā hapa i roto i te ine mana whakaata. Ka whakatakotoria te mana whakaata me te mana turuturu ki te pito hononga whakamuri (4 pito) kātahi ka tukuna ki te mita mana. Nā te mea he rerekē ngā ara tuku o ngā tohu e rua, he taupatupatu whārite tēnei. Mena ka taea te whakarite i te mana turuturu e whakaurua ana ki te mita mana ki te mana whakaata, ka puta he hapa ine nui.
Ko te tikanga, ka turuturu hoki te mana whakaata mai i te kawenga (pito 2) ki te pito hononga whakamua (pito 1, kāore i whakaaturia i te pikitia i runga ake nei). Heoi anō, he iti noa iho tōna rahi ki te whakataurite ki te mana whakamua, e ine ana i te kaha whakamua. Ka taea te wareware i te hapa e puta mai ana.
Kei roto i te "Silicon Valley" o Haina a Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. – Beijing Zhongguancun, he umanga hangarau teitei e whakatapua ana ki te mahi ki ngā whare rangahau o roto me tāwāhi, ngā whare rangahau, ngā whare wānanga me ngā kaimahi rangahau pūtaiao hinonga. Ko te nuinga o tā mātou kamupene he rangahau me te whakawhanake motuhake, te hoahoa, te hanga, te hoko hua optoelectronic, ā, e whakarato ana i ngā otinga auaha me ngā ratonga ngaio, whaiaro mō ngā kairangahau pūtaiao me ngā miihini ahumahi. Whai muri i ngā tau o te auahatanga motuhake, kua hangaia he raupapa hua photoelectric whai rawa me te tino pai, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā umanga ā-rohe, hōia, kawe waka, hiko, pūtea, mātauranga, hauora me ētahi atu ahumahi.
Kei te tumanako mātou ki te mahi tahi me koe!
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-20-2023