He aha tePūoko whakaahua Si
I te tere o te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau hou, kua puta haere ngā taputapu whakaahua-pūoko, hei taputapu pūoko nui, ki te tirohanga a te tangata. Ina koa ko te taputapu whakaahua-pūoko Si (pūoko whakaahua silicon), me ō rātou mahi tino pai me ngā tūmanako whānui mō te tono, kua aro nuitia. Ka whakaratohia e tēnei tuhinga he whakamārama hōhonu engari he ngāwari ki te mārama mō ngā mātāpono taketake, ngā āhuatanga hanganga, ngā mara tono, me ngā ia whanaketanga ā muri ake nei o ngā taputapu whakaahua silicon mō te katoa.
Ko te kaupapa matua o ngā taputapu whakaahua Si e hangai ana ki te pānga whakaahua-hiko. Ina pā ngā photon ki ngā rauemi semiconductor, ka puta ngā takirua irahiko-pōhatu, ā, ka puta he iahiko hiko. He tino pai ngā āhuatanga mimiti mārama o ngā rauemi silicon, inā koa i roto i ngā roopu e kitea ana me ngā roopu tata-infrared, nō reira he tino pai mō te whakamahi hei rauemi pūtake mō ngā taputapu whakaahua. Ka taea te whakarāpopoto i te kaupapa mahi o ngā taputapu whakaahua Si ki ētahi taahiraa: te urunga o te photon, te mimiti photon, te whakaputa kaikawe me te putanga iahiko.
Mō te hanganga o ngā taputapu whakaahua hikohiko, ka wehea kia maha ngā wāhanga matua: te paparanga whiwhi mārama, te paparanga whiwhi me te paparanga hikohiko. Ko te paparanga whiwhi mārama te kawenga mō te mimiti i te mārama e pā mai ana me te whakaputa i ngā kaikawe, ko te paparanga whiwhi ia ka whakamahia hei whakanui ake i te maha o ngā kaikawe, kia pai ake ai te aro o te taputapu. Ko te paparanga hikohiko te kawenga mō te kohikohi i ngā kaikawe me te hanga tohu iahiko. Ka taea e te hanganga kua hoahoatia pai te whakapai ake i te mahi a te taputapu, pērā i te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te hurihanga hikohiko me te whakaiti i te haruru.
He whānui rawa ngā mara tono o te taputapu whakaahua silicon, e kapi ana i ngā āhuatanga maha pēnei i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, te whakaahua, me te aroturuki taiao. I roto i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whatu, ka whakamahia ngā taputapu whakaahua e ahu mai ana i te silicon hei whiwhi tohu whatu, hei huri hoki hei tohu hiko hei whakarite i te tuku tere o ngā mōhiohio. I roto i te mara o te whakaahua, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te taputapu whakaahua Si i roto i ngā kāmera matihiko me ngā kāmera tukutuku hei āwhina i te hopu whakaahua mārama. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te taputapu whakaahua Si i roto i te aroturuki taiao, te whakatau i ngā āhuatanga taiao mā te aroturuki i ngā huringa o te māramatanga, pēnei i te kimi i te aroaro o ngā poke.
I ngā rā kei te heke mai, ko ngā ia whanaketanga o te taputapu whakaahua silicon ka whakaatahia i roto i ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei. E tumanakohia ana ka whakarei ake ngā auahatanga i roto i ngā rauemi i te mahi a ngā taputapu, pērā i te whakamahinga o ngā koranu hou, ngā rauemi hiato rānei hei whakanui ake i te kaha mimiti mārama me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te matū. He huarahi nui anō hoki te arotau i te hoahoa hanganga. Mā te hangarau hanga-iti, ka taea te whakatutuki i te whakaiti me te whakauru hei whakarei ake i te aro me te tere urupare o tepūoko whakaahuaMā te whakauru i te hangarau tukatuka tohu matatau, ka taea te whakapai ake i te ōwehenga tohu-ki-haruru o te pūoko, kia mau tonu ai tōna pumau i roto i ngā taiao uaua. Ko te pūoko whakaahua, hei taputapu pūoko nui, kei te huri haere i ō tātou oranga me ā rātou mahi tino pai me ngā tirohanga whānui mō te tono. Mā te haere tonu o te whanaketanga o te hangarau, ka whai wāhi nui ngā pūoko whakaahua e hangai ana ki te silicon i roto i ngā mara maha atu, ka nui ake ngā mea ka taea e tātou te heke mai.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-01-2025