Ko te ahunga whanaketanga o te tere tere, te kaha nui me te whānui o te whānuitanga o te whakawhitiwhiti whatu e hiahia ana ki te whakaurunga teitei o ngā taputapu whakaahua-hiko. Ko te kaupapa matua o te whakaurunga ko te whakaiti i ngā taputapu whakaahua-hiko. Nō reira, ko te whakaiti i ngā taputapu whakaahua-hiko te mea nui me te wāhi wera i roto i te ao whakawhitiwhiti whatu. I ngā tau tata nei, ki te whakaritea ki te hangarau optoelectronic tuku iho, ka noho te hangarau miihini iti laser femtosecond hei whakatupuranga hou o te hangarau hanga taputapu optoelectronic. Kua whai hua ngā tohunga i te kāinga me tāwāhi ki te tūhura i ngā āhuatanga maha o te hangarau whakarite arataki ngaru whatu, ā, kua nui te ahunga whakamua.