Ko tētahi o ngā āhuatanga tino nui o te pūwhakatikatika whatu ko tōna tere whakarerekētanga, te whānui rānei, me rite te tere ki ngā hikohiko e wātea ana. Kua whakaaturia kētia ngā transistors he auau whakawhiti neke atu i te 100 GHz i roto i te hangarau silicon 90 nm, ā, ka piki ake te tere i te mea ka whakaitihia te rahi āhuatanga iti rawa [1]. Heoi, he iti te whānui o ngā pūwhakatikatika e hangai ana ki te silicon o ēnei rā. Kāore he χ(2)-kore-raina o te silicon nā tōna hanganga tioata pokapū-taurite. Kua hua ake ngā hua whakamere i te whakamahinga o te silicon kua tātarihia [2], engari kāore anō kia taea e ngā kore-raina te whakamahi i ngā taputapu whai hua. Nō reira, kei te whakawhirinaki tonu ngā pūwhakatikatika photonic silicon hou ki te horapa kaikawe-kore i roto i ngā hononga pn, pine rānei [3–5]. Kua whakaaturia ngā hononga whakahāngai whakamua ki te whakaatu i te hua roa-ngaohiko he iti iho i te VπL = 0.36 V mm, engari he iti te tere whakarerekētanga e ngā hihiri o ngā kaikawe iti. Ahakoa rā, kua whakaputaina ngā tere raraunga o te 10 Gbit/s mā te āwhina o te arotahi-mua ki te tohu hiko [4]. Mā te whakamahi i ngā hononga whakamuri, kua whakanuia te whānui ki te 30 GHz pea [5,6], engari kua piki ake te hua roangao ki te VπL = 40 V mm. Engari, ka puta mai i aua whakarerekētanga ā-wāhanga pānga plasma te whakarerekētanga kaha kāore e hiahiatia [7], ā, ka whakautu kore-raina rātou ki te ngaohiko e whakamahia ana. Heoi, me whai urupare raina me te whakarerekētanga ā-wāhanga parakore ngā whakatakotoranga whakarerekētanga matatau pērā i te QAM, ā, ka tino hiahiatia te whakamahi i te pānga hiko-whatu (te pānga Pockels [8]).
2. Huarahi SOH
Nō nā tata nei, kua whakaarohia te huarahi ranu silicon-organic (SOH) [9–12]. Kei te Pikitia 1(a) tētahi tauira o te modulator SOH. Kei roto ko tētahi arataki ngaru mokowā e ārahi ana i te mara whatu, me ngā rīpene silicon e rua e hono ana i te arataki ngaru whatu ki ngā irahiko whakarewa. Kei waho o te mara modal whatu ngā irahiko hei karo i ngā ngaronga whatu [13], Pikitia 1(b). Kua pania te taputapu ki tētahi rauemi rauropi hiko-whatu e whakakī ana i te mokowā. Ka haria te ngaohiko whakarerekē e te arataki ngaru hiko whakarewa, ā, ka heke iho puta noa i te mokowā nā ngā rīpene silicon kawe. Kātahi ka huri te mara hiko hua i te taupū o te whakaata i roto i te mokowā mā te pānga hiko-whatu tino tere. Nā te mea he whānui te mokowā i te 100 nm, he nui ngā volts hei whakaputa i ngā mara whakarerekē tino kaha e rite ana ki te kaha dielectric o te nuinga o ngā rauemi. He tino pai te whai huatanga o te whakarerekētanga o te hanganga nā te mea kei roto i te mokowā ngā mara whakarerekē me ngā mara whatu, Pikitia 1(b) [14]. Ina hoki, kua whakaaturia kētia ngā whakatinanatanga tuatahi o ngā kaiwhakatikatika SOH me te mahi sub-volt [11], ā, kua whakaaturia te whakatikatika sinusoidal tae atu ki te 40 GHz [15,16]. Heoi, ko te wero i roto i te hanga i ngā kaiwhakatikatika SOH tere-tiketike iti-ngaohiko ko te hanga i tētahi rīpene hononga kawe hiko tino kaha. I roto i tētahi ara iahiko ōrite, ka taea te tohu i te mokowā e te pūnga C me ngā rīpene kawe hiko e ngā ātete R, Pikitia 1(b). Ko te pūmau wā RC e rite ana ka whakatau i te whānui o te taputapu [10,14,17,18]. Hei whakaiti i te ātete R, kua whakaarohia kia tāpirihia ngā rīpene silicon [10,14]. Ahakoa ka whakanuia e te tāpiritanga te kawe hiko o ngā rīpene silicon (nā reira ka whakanuia ngā mate whatu), ka utua he whiu mate tāpiri nā te mea ka whakararuhia te nekehanga irahiko e te marara poke [10,14,19]. Heoi anō, ko ngā nganatanga hanga hou rawa atu i whakaatu i te kawe hiko iti ohorere.
Kei roto i te "Silicon Valley" o Haina a Beijing Rofea Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. – Beijing Zhongguancun, he umanga hangarau teitei e whakatapua ana ki te mahi ki ngā whare rangahau o roto me tāwāhi, ngā whare rangahau, ngā whare wānanga me ngā kaimahi rangahau pūtaiao hinonga. Ko te nuinga o tā mātou kamupene he rangahau me te whakawhanake motuhake, te hoahoa, te hanga, te hoko hua optoelectronic, ā, e whakarato ana i ngā otinga auaha me ngā ratonga ngaio, whaiaro mō ngā kairangahau pūtaiao me ngā miihini ahumahi. Whai muri i ngā tau o te auahatanga motuhake, kua hangaia he raupapa hua photoelectric whai rawa me te tino pai, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā umanga ā-rohe, hōia, kawe waka, hiko, pūtea, mātauranga, hauora me ētahi atu ahumahi.
Kei te tumanako mātou ki te mahi tahi me koe!
Wā tuku: Maehe-29-2023