Te kaupapa me te āhua o nāianei opūoko whakaahua horonga (Pūoko whakaahua APD) Wāhanga Tuarua
2.2 Hanganga maramara APD
Ko te hanganga maramara whaitake te tino taurangi mō ngā taputapu mahi teitei. Ko te hoahoa hanganga o te APD e aro nui ana ki te pumau o te wā RC, te hopu kōhao i te hononga heterojunction, te wā whakawhiti kaikawe i roto i te rohe whakahekenga me ētahi atu. Ko te whanaketanga o tōna hanganga kua whakarāpopototia i raro nei:
(1) Hanganga taketake
Ko te hanganga APD māmā rawa atu e ahu mai ana i te photodiode PIN, he nui te tāpiritanga o te rohe P me te rohe N, ā, ka whakauruhia te rohe ātete-rua momo-N, momo-P rānei ki te rohe P, ki te rohe N rānei e tata ana hei whakaputa i ngā irahiko tuarua me ngā takirua kōhao, kia tutuki ai te whakanui ake i te iahiko whakaahua tuatahi. Mō ngā rauemi raupapa InP, nā te mea he nui ake te tauwehenga ionization pānga kōhao i te tauwehenga ionization pānga irahiko, ko te rohe whakanui o te tāpiritanga momo-N ka whakanohoia ki te rohe P. I roto i te āhuatanga pai, ko ngā kōhao anake ka werohia ki te rohe whakanui, nō reira ka kiia tēnei hanganga he hanganga werohia-kōhao.
(2) Ka wehewehea te mimiti me te whiwhi
Nā te whānui o ngā āhuatanga o te āputa roopu o InP (ko InP he 1.35eV, ā, ko InGaAs he 0.75eV), ka whakamahia te InP hei rauemi rohe whakanui, me te InGaAs hei rauemi rohe mimiti.
(3) Kua whakaarohia ngā hanganga mimiti, piki me te piki (SAGM)
I tēnei wā, ko te nuinga o ngā taputapu APD arumoni e whakamahi ana i te rauemi InP/InGaAs, ko InGaAs hei paparanga mimiti, ko InP i raro i te mara hiko teitei (>5x105V/cm) me te kore e pakaru, ka taea te whakamahi hei rauemi rohe whiwhi. Mō tēnei rauemi, ko te hoahoa o tēnei APD ko te tukanga horonga ka hangaia i roto i te InP momo-N mā te tukinga o ngā kōhao. I te whakaaro ki te rerekētanga nui o te āputa roopu i waenga i te InP me te InGaAs, ko te rerekētanga taumata pūngao o te 0.4eV i roto i te roopu valence ka ārai i ngā kōhao i hangaia i roto i te paparanga mimiti InGaAs i te taha heterojunction i mua i te taenga atu ki te paparanga whakarea InP, ā, ka tino whakaitihia te tere, ka hua ake he wā urupare roa me te whānui whaiti o tēnei APD. Ka taea te whakatau i tēnei raruraru mā te tāpiri i tētahi paparanga whakawhiti InGaAsP i waenga i ngā rauemi e rua.
(4) Kua whakaarohia ngā hanganga mimiti, pikinga, utu me te pikinga (SAGCM) ia
Hei whakatikatika anō i te tohatoha o te mara hiko o te paparanga mimiti me te paparanga whakanui, ka whakaurua te paparanga utu ki roto i te hoahoa o te pūrere, ka tino whakapai ake i te tere me te urupare o te pūrere.
(5) Hanganga SAGCM whakarei ake i te resonator (RCE)
I roto i te hoahoa pai rawa atu o ngā pūoko tuku iho i runga ake nei, me aro atu tātou ki te meka ko te matotoru o te paparanga mimiti he mea taupatupatu mō te tere o te taputapu me te whai huatanga matūriki. Mā te matotoru angiangi o te paparanga mimiti ka taea te whakaiti i te wā whakawhiti kaikawe, nō reira ka taea te whiwhi i te whānui whānui. Heoi, i te wa ano, kia whiwhi ai i te whai huatanga matūriki teitei ake, me whai matotoru rawa te paparanga mimiti. Ko te otinga ki tēnei raruraru ko te hanganga kōhao resonant (RCE), arā, ko te Bragg Reflector tohatoha (DBR) kua hoahoatia ki raro me te tihi o te taputapu. Ko te whakaata DBR he mea hanga mai i ngā momo rauemi e rua me te iti o te taupū whakaata me te teitei o te taupū whakaata i roto i te hanganga, ā, ka tipu haere ngā mea e rua, ā, ka tutuki te matotoru o ia paparanga ki te roangaru mārama taunga 1/4 i roto i te semiconductor. Ka taea e te hanganga resonator o te pūoko te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga tere, ka taea te hanga kia tino angiangi te matotoru o te paparanga mimiti, ā, ka whakanuia te whai huatanga matūriki o te irahiko i muri i ētahi whakaata.
(6) Hanganga arataki ngaru e honoa ana ki te taha (WG-APD)
Ko tētahi atu otinga hei whakaoti i te whakahē o ngā pānga rerekē o te matotoru o te paparanga mimiti ki te tere o te taputapu me te whai huatanga o te matūriki ko te whakauru i te hanganga arataki ngaru e hono ana ki te taha. Ka uru mai tēnei hanganga ki te mārama mai i te taha, nā te mea he roa rawa te paparanga mimiti, he ngāwari ki te whiwhi i te whai huatanga matūriki teitei, ā, i te wa ano, ka taea te hanga i te paparanga mimiti kia tino angiangi, ka whakaiti i te wā whakawhiti kaikawe. Nō reira, ka whakaotihia e tēnei hanganga te rerekētanga o te whanaungatanga o te whānui me te whai huatanga ki te matotoru o te paparanga mimiti, ā, e tumanakohia ana ka tutuki i tēnei hanganga te tere teitei me te whai huatanga matūriki teitei o te APD. He māmā ake te tukanga o te WG-APD i tērā o te RCE APD, e whakakore ana i te tukanga whakarite uaua o te whakaata DBR. Nō reira, he pai ake te mahi i roto i te mara mahi, ā, he pai mō te hononga whatu papatahi noa.
3. Whakamutunga
Te whanaketanga o te horonga waipūoko whakaahuaKa arotakehia ngā rauemi me ngā taputapu. He tata te tere o te ionization tukinga irahiko me te kōhao o ngā rauemi InP ki ērā o InAlAs, ka hua ake te tukanga takirua o ngā hononga kawe e rua, ka roa ake te wā hanga o te horonga me te piki ake o te haruru. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā rauemi InAlAs parakore, he nui ake te ōwehenga o ngā tauwehenga ionization tukinga o ngā hanganga puna irahiko InGaAs (P)/InAlAs me In (Al) GaAs/InAlAs, nō reira ka taea te whakarerekē nui i te mahi haruru. Mō te hanganga, ka whakawhanakehia te hanganga SAGCM whakarei ake i te resonator (RCE) me te hanganga arataki ngaru taha-honohono (WG-APD) hei whakaoti rapanga i ngā pānga rerekē o te matotoru o te paparanga mimiti ki te tere o te taputapu me te whai huatanga irahiko. Nā te uaua o te tukanga, me tūhuratia anō te tono mahi katoa o ēnei hanganga e rua.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 14-2023