Te Hanganga oPūoko Whakaahua InGaAs
Mai i te tekau tau atu i 1980, kua rangahauhia e ngā kairangahau te hanganga o ngā pūoko whakaahua InGaAs, e toru ngā momo matua: te konganuku InGaAs te konganuku haurua-iranga kaitirotiro whakaahua(MSM-PD), InGaAsNgā pūoko whakaahua PIN(PIN-PD), me InGaAsngā taputapu whakaahua horonga(APD-PD). He rerekētanga nui kei roto i te tukanga whakaputa me te utu o ngā taputapu whakaahua InGaAs me ngā hanganga rerekē, ā, he rerekētanga nui anō hoki kei roto i te mahi a te taputapu.
Kei te pikitia te hoahoa kauwhata o te hanganga o te taputapu whakaahua-whakaahua whakarewa InGaAs semiconductor, he hanganga motuhake i runga i te hononga Schottky. I te tau 1992, i whakamahia e Shi me ētahi atu te hangarau epitaxy wāhanga kohu matūriki iti-pēhanga (LP-MOVPE) hei whakatipu i ngā paparanga epitaxial me te whakarite i ngā taputapu whakaahua InGaAs MSM. He nui te urupare o te taputapu, arā, 0.42 A/W i te roanga ngaru o te 1.3 μm me te ia pōuri iti iho i te 5.6 pA/μm² i te 1.5 V. I te tau 1996, i whakamahia e ngā kairangahau te epitaxy hihi ngota hau-wāhanga (GSMBE) hei whakatipu i ngā paparanga epitaxial InAlAs InGaAs InP, i whakaatu i ngā āhuatanga ātete teitei. I arotauhia ngā āhuatanga tipu mā roto i ngā inenga diffraction hihi-X, ka hua ake he kore taurite whatunga i waenga i ngā paparanga InGaAs me InAlAs i roto i te awhe o te 1 × 10⁻³. Nō reira, i arotauhia te mahi a te taputapu, me te ia pōuri iti iho i te 0.75 pA/μm² i te 10 V me te urupare tere o te 16 ps i te 5 V. I te nuinga, he ngāwari te whakauru i te hanganga o te taputapu whakaahua hanganga MSM, he iti ake te ia pōuri (taumata pA), engari ka whakaitihia e te hiko whakarewa te horahanga mimiti mārama whai hua o te taputapu, ka iti ake te urupare ki ērā atu hanganga.
Kei te pūoko whakaahua PIN InGaAs tētahi paparanga ā-roto kua whakaurua ki waenganui i te paparanga whakapā momo-P me te paparanga whakapā momo-N, e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia, e whakanui ana i te whānui o te rohe whakaheke, ā, nā reira ka tukuna atu he maha atu ngā takirua pū irahiko, ka hangaia he iahiko whakaahua nui ake, ā, ka whakaatuhia he kawe hiko tino pai. I te tau 2007, i whakamahia e ngā kairangahau te MBE hei whakatipu i ngā paparanga ārai pāmahana-iti, hei whakapai ake i te taratara o te mata, me te wikitoria i te kore taurite o te whatunga i waenga i te Si me te InP. I whakauruhia e rātou ngā hanganga PIN InGaAs ki runga i ngā papa InP mā te whakamahi i te MOCVD, ā, ko te urupare o te taputapu he tata ki te 0.57 A/W. I te tau 2011, i whakamahia e ngā kairangahau ngā pūoko whakaahua PIN hei whakawhanake i tētahi taputapu whakaahua LiDAR tawhiti-poto mō te whakatere, te karo i ngā arai/tukinga, me te kimi/te mōhio ki ngā ūnga o ngā waka whenua iti kāore he tangata. I whakauruhia te taputapu ki tētahi maramara whakakaha ngaruiti utu iti, e whakapai ake ana i te ōwehenga tohu-ki-haruru o ngā pūoko whakaahua PIN InGaAs. I runga i tēnei kaupapa, i te tau 2012, ka whakamahia e ngā kairangahau tēnei taputapu whakaahua LiDAR ki ngā karetao, me te whānuitanga kite neke atu i te 50 mita, ā, kua piki ake te taumira ki te 256 × 128.
Ko te pūoko whakaahua āwhata InGaAs he momo pūoko whakaahua me te whakanui, e whakaaturia ana i roto i te hoahoa hanganga. Ka whiwhi ngā takirua pūaha irahiko i te kaha e ranea ana i raro i te mahi a te mara hiko i roto i te rohe takirua, ka tukinga ki ngā ngota hei whakaputa i ngā takirua pūaha irahiko hou, ka hanga i te pānga āwhata me te takirua i ngā kaikawe utu kore-taurite i roto i te rauemi. I te tau 2013, i whakamahia e ngā kairangahau te MBE hei whakatipu i ngā koranu InGaAs me InAlAs kua ōrite ki runga i ngā papa InP, me te whakarerekē i te kaha kaikawe mā roto i ngā huringa o te hanganga koranu, te matotoru o te paparanga epitaxial, me te tāpiri, me te whakanui ake i te ionization electroshock me te whakaiti i te ionization pūaha. I raro i te whakanui tohu putanga ōrite, ka whakaatuhia e te APD he iti te haruru me te iti o te ia pōuri. I te tau 2016, i hangaia e ngā kairangahau he tūāpapa whakamātautau whakaahua kaha laser 1570 nm i runga i ngā pūoko whakaahua āwhata InGaAs. Ko te ara iahiko o roto o tePūoko whakaahua APDka whiwhi i ngā whakaataoro, ā, ka whakaputa tika i ngā tohu matihiko, ka hanga kiato te taputapu katoa. Kei roto i ngā Pikitia (d) me (e) ngā hua o te whakamātautau. Ko te Pikitia (d) he whakaahua ā-tinana o te ūnga whakaahua, ā, ko te Pikitia (e) he whakaahua tawhiti-toru-ahu. Ka kitea mārama ko te rohe matapihi i roto i te Rohe C he tawhiti hohonu mai i ngā Rohe A me B. Ka tutuki i tēnei tūāpapa he whānui pāorooro iti iho i te 10 ns, he kaha pāorooro kotahi ka taea te whakarite (1-3) mJ, he koki tirohanga o te 2° mō ngā karāhe tuku me te whiwhi, he tere whakahoki o te 1 kHz, me te huringa mahi pūokooro tata ki te 60%. Nā te pikinga o te iahiko whakaahua ā-roto, te urupare tere, te rahi kiato, te roa, me te utu iti o te APD, ka taea e ngā pūokooro whakaahua APD te whakatutuki i te tere kitenga he kotahi te raupapa o te nui teitei ake i ngā pūokooro whakaahua PIN. Nō reira, i tēnei wā, ko te radar taiaho matua e whakamahi ana i ngā pūokooro whakaahua avalanche.
Te wā tuku: 11-Pepuere-2026